Jambi Province (Indonesian: Provinsi Jambi) is a province of Indonesia. It is located on the east coast of central Sumatra and its capital is Jambi city.
The province has a land area of 50,058.16 km2, and it has a population of 3,088,618 according to the 2010 Census.
| Jambi Province Provinsi Jambi |
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| Province | |||
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| Motto: Sepucuk Jambi Sembilan Lurah (Malay proverb) (One united Jambi, formed from nine regional entity) |
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| Coordinates: 1°35′S 103°37′ECoordinates: 1°35′S 103°37′E | |||
| Country | Indonesia | ||
| Capital | Jambi | ||
| Government | |||
| • Governor | Hasan Basri Agus & Fachrori Umar | ||
| Area | |||
| • Total | 50,058.16 km2 (19,327.56 sq mi) | ||
| Population (2010) | |||
| • Total | 3,088,618 | ||
| • Density | 62/km2 (160/sq mi) | ||
| Demographics | |||
| • Ethnic groups | Malay (38%), Javanese (28%), Kerinci (10%), Minangkabau (5%), Banjarese (3%), Sundanese (3%), Buginese (2.5%), other (10%)[1] | ||
| • Religion | Muslim (96.5%), Christian (3%), Buddhist (1%), Hindu (0.117%) | ||
| • Languages | Jambi Malay, Indonesian | ||
| Time zone | WIB (UTC+7) | ||
| Website | www.jambiprov.go.id | ||
History
In the early decades of the Dutch presence in the region (see Dutch East India Company in Indonesia, when the Dutch were one of several traders competing with the British, Chinese, Arabs, and Malays, the Jambi Sultanate profited from trade in pepper with the Dutch. This relationship declined by about 1770, and the sultanate had little contact with the Dutch for about sixty years.[citation needed]
In 1833, minor conflicts with the Dutch (the Indonesian colonial possessions of which were now nationalised as the Dutch East Indies) who were well established in Palembang, meant the Dutch increasingly felt the need to control the actions of Jambi. They coerced Sultan Facharudin to agree to greater Dutch presence in the region and control over trade, although the sultanate remained nominally independent. In 1858 the Dutch, apparently concerned over the risk of competition for control from other foreign powers, invaded Jambi with a force from their capital Batavia. They met little resistance, and Sultan Taha fled upriver, to the inland regions of Jambi. The Dutch installed a puppet ruler, Nazarudin, in the lower region, which included the capital city. For the next forty years Taha maintained the upriver kingdom, and slowly reextended his influence over the lower regions through political agreements and marriage connections. In 1904, however, the Dutch were stronger and, as a part of a larger campaign to consolidate control over the entire archipelago, soldiers finally managed to capture and kill Taha, and in 1906, the entire area was brought under direct colonial management.
Following the death of Jambi sultan, Taha Saifuddin, on April 27, 1904 and the success of the Dutch controlled areas of the Sultanate of Jambi, Jambi then set as the Residency and entry into the territory Nederlandsch Indie. Jambi's first Resident OL Helfrich was appointed by the Governor General of the Dutch Decree No. 20 dated May 4, 1906 and his inauguration held on July 2, 1906.
| Historical population | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1971 | 1,006,084 | — |
| 1980 | 1,445,994 | +43.7% |
| 1990 | 2,020,568 | +39.7% |
| 1995 | 2,369,959 | +17.3% |
| 2000 | 2,413,846 | +1.9% |
| 2010 | 3,092,265 | +28.1% |
| Source: Badan Pusat Statistik 2010 | ||
Administrative divisions
Jambi province is divided into nine regencies (kabupaten) and two cities (kota), listed below with their (provisional) populations at the 2010 Census.| Name | Area (km2) | Population Estimate 2005 |
Population Census 2010 |
Capital |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jambi (city) | 205.00 | 437,012 | 529,118 | Jambi |
| Sungai Penuh (city) | * | * | 81,789 | Sungai Penuh |
| Kerinci Regency | 4,200.00 | 304,652 | 229,387 | Sungai Penuh |
| Merangin Regency | 273,510 | 336,050 | Bangko | |
| Sarolangun Regency | 5,166.00 | 200,016 | 245,848 | Sarolangun |
| Batang Hari Regency | 5,180.00 | 207,296 | 240,743 | Muara Bulian |
| Muaro Jambi Regency | 5,246.00 | 284,197 | 341,588 | Sengeti |
| East Tanjung Jabung Regency (Tanjung Jabung Timur) |
5,443.00 | 204,391 | 204,557 | Muara Sabak |
| West Tanjung Jabung Regency (Tanjung Jabung Barat) |
5,501.00 | 231,456 | 278,937 | Kuala Tungkai |
| Tebo Regency | 6,461.00 | 241,171 | 298,043 | Muara Tebo |
| Bungo Regency | 7,160.00 | 243,515 | 302,558 | Muara Bungo |
| Total province | 50,058.16 | 2,627,216 | 3,088,618 | Jambi |
- * The area and 2005 estimated population for Sungai Penuh city is included in the figure for Kerinci Regency.
World Heritage Site
The site was a Buddhist education center that flourished during the 7th and 8th centuries and is made from bricks similar to those used in Buddhist temples in India.[3]
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