North Sumatra (Indonesian: Sumatera Utara) is a province of Indonesia. It is located on the island of Sumatra its capital is Medan. It is the most populous Indonesian province outside of Java, with over 13 million inhabitants
| North Sumatra Sumatera Utara |
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| Province | |||
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| Motto: Marsipature hutana be (Batak) | |||
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| Coordinates: 2°00′N 99°00′ECoordinates: 2°00′N 99°00′E | |||
| Country | Indonesia | ||
| Capital | Medan | ||
| Government | |||
| • Governor | Gatot Pudjo Nugroho (acting)[1] | ||
| Area | |||
| • Total | 72,981.23 km2 (28,178.21 sq mi) | ||
| Population (2010) | |||
| • Total | 12,985,075 | ||
| • Density | 180/km2 (460/sq mi) | ||
| Demographics | |||
| • Ethnic groups | Batak (41,95%) (Karo, Pakpak, Simalungun, Batak Toba, Angkola, Mandailing), Javanese (32.62%) Nias (6.36%), Malay (4,92%), Minangkabau (2,66%), Banjarese (0.97%), other (9,72%) [2] | ||
| • Religion | Islam (65.5%), Christianity (31.4%), Buddhism (2.8%), Hindu (0,2%) | ||
| • Languages | Indonesian, Malay, Karo, Pakpak, Simalungun, Batak Toba, Angkola, Mandailing, Medan Hokkien | ||
| Time zone | WIB (UTC+7) | ||
| Website | sumutprov.go.id | ||
Geography and population
The province of North Sumatra stretches across the island of Sumatra between the Indian Ocean and the Strait Malacca. It borders Aceh province on the northwest and Riau and West Sumatra provinces in the southeast. It has an area of 72,981 km². The province contains a broad, low plain along the Strait of Malacca on which the provincial capital, Medan, is located. In the south and west, the land rises to the mountain range that runs the length of Sumatra; the mountains here are dominated by Lake Toba, formed from the caldera of an ancient volcano. Several large islands in the Indian Ocean off the west coast of Sumatra are currently part of North Sumatra, most notably Nias Island and the Batu Islands.North Sumatra recorded a population of 12,985,075 in the 2010 national census, with a sex ratio of 99.59 men per 100 women.[3]
| Historical population | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1971 | 6,621,831 | — |
| 1980 | 8,360,894 | +26.3% |
| 1990 | 10,256,027 | +22.7% |
| 1995 | 11,114,667 | +8.4% |
| 2000 | 11,649,655 | +4.8% |
| 2010 | 12,982,204 | +11.4% |
| Source: Badan Pusat Statistik 2010 | ||
Agriculture and economy
Sumatra Mandheling and Sumatra Lintong coffee beans are grown in North Sumatra and largely exported to the United States. Mandheling is named after the similarly spelt Mandailing people located in North Sumatra, Indonesia. The name is the result of a misunderstanding by the first foreign purchaser of the variety, and no coffee is actually produced in the "Mandailing region". Lintong on the other hand, is named after the Lintong district, also located in North Sumatra.Tourism
Besides Lake Toba and Orang Utan conservatory at Bukit Lawang there are also Taman Hutan Raya at Berastagi which declared by Keputusan Presiden RI Nomor 48 Tahun 1998 tanggal 19 November 1998.Airports
The modern Kuala Namu International Airport is opened in July 25, 2013 and located almost 40 kilometers from Medan. The airport replaces the old Polonia International Airport.[4]Polonia International Airport (Indonesian: Bandar Udara Internasional Polonia) (IATA: MES, ICAO: WIMM) (popularly Polonia Airport, as in Indonesia, Bandara Polonia) is located about 5 km from the Central Business District of Medan. It is the first international airport in Medan, although the airport is under airforce authority. Polonia airport is the site of several crashes, is inappropriately located in the center of the city of Medan, has a difficult takeoff path and has a short runway. It serves flights to several Indonesian and Malaysian cities, along with a flight to Singapore and Thailand. Flights to Indian cities are also planned. In terms of passenger numbers, Polonia is the fourth largest airport in Indonesia.
Seaports
North Sumatra has an international seaport at Belawan, near Medan and is now preparing to have a new seaport at Kuala Tanjung, in Batubara regency, for about Rp.1 trillion ($114 million) budget.[5]Sei Mangkei Industrial Area
Sei Mangkei Industrial Area is known also as Sei Mangkei - Integrated Sustainable Palm Oil Cluster (SM-ISPOIC); it is located in Simalungun Regency and was formally opened on 12 June 2010. Four companies have joined in this area, with investment costs totalling up to Rp1.5 trillion ($176 million).[6][7] In April 2011, three other companies also joined in the Sei Mangkei area. They are Procter & Gamble Co for making CPO derivatives of cosmetic raw materials, Ferrostaal AG and Fratelli Gianazza SpA.Administration
Nias Island Region
| Name | Area (km2) | Population Estimate end 2004 |
Population Census 2010 |
Capital |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| North Nias Regency (Nias Utara) |
# | # | 127,530 | |
| Nias Regency | 3,495.39 | 441,807 | 132,329 | Gunungsitoli |
| West Nias Regency (Nias Barat) |
# | # | 81,461 | |
| South Nias Regency (Nias Selatan) |
1,625.91 | 288,233 | 289,876 | Teluk Dalam |
| Gunungsitoli (city) | # | # | 125,566 | Gunungsitoli |
- # the areas and end 2004 estimated populations of West Nias Regency and North Nias Regency, and of Gunungsitoli city, are included in the figures for Nias Regency.
Southeast Sumatra Region
| Name | Area (km2) | Population Estimate end 2004 |
Population Census 2010 |
Capital |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mandailing Natal Regency | 6,620.70 | 386,150 | 403,894 | Panyabungan |
| Padang Sidempuan (city) | 114.65 | 177,499 | 191,554 | Padang Sidempuan |
| South Tapanuli Regency (Tapanuli Selatan) |
4,352.86 | 626,702 | 264,108 | Sipirok |
| Padang Lawas Regency | 3,892.74 | # | 223,480 | Sibuhuan |
| North Padang Lawas Regency (Padang Lawas Utara) |
3,918.05 | # | 223,049 | Gunung Tua |
- # the end 2004 population is included in that of South Tapanuli Regency, from which it was later carved out.
Tapanuli Region
| Name | Area (km2) | Population Estimate end 2004 |
Population Census 2010 |
Capital |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sibolga (city) | 10.77 | 88,717 | 84,444 | Sibolga |
| Central Tapanuli Regency (Tapanuli Tengah) |
2,158.00 | 283,035 | 310,962 | Pandan |
| North Tapanuli Regency (Tapanuli Utara) |
3,764.65 | 256,201 | 278,897 | Tarutung |
| Humbang Hasundutan Regency | 2,297.20 | 152,997 | 171,687 | Dolok Sanggul |
| Samosir Regency | 2,433.50 | 131,073 | 119,650 | Pangururan |
| Toba Samosir Regency | 2,352.35 | 158,677 | 172,933 | Balige |
East Sumatra Region
| Name | Area (km2) | Population Estimate end 2004 |
Population Census 2010 |
Capital |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medan (city) | 265.10 | 2,036,185 | 2,109,339 | Medan |
| Binjai (city) | 90.24 | 237,904 | 246,010 | Binjai |
| Deli Serdang Regency | 2,486.14 | 1,569,638 | 1,789,243 | Lubukpakam |
| Langkat Regency | 6,263.29 | 970,433 | 966,133 | Stabat |
| Karo Regency | 2,127.25 | 316,207 | 350.479 | Kabanjahe |
| Dairi Regency | 1,927.80 | 261,287 | 269,848 | Sidikalang |
| Pakpak Bharat Regency | 1,218.30 | 34,542 | 40,481 | Salak |
| Simalungun Regency | 4,386.60 | 826,101 | 818,104 | Raya |
| Pematang Siantar (city) | 79.87 | 230,487 | 234,885 | Pematang Siantar |
| Serdang Bedagai Regency | 1,913.33 | 588,176 | 592,922 | Sei Rampah |
| Tebing Tinggi (city) | 38.44 | 135,671 | 145,180 | Tebing Tinggi |
| Batubara Regency | 904.96 | # | 374.535 | Limapuluh |
| Asahan Regency | 3,675.79 | 1,024,369 | 667,563 | Kisaran |
| Tanjung Balai (city) | * | 152,814 | 154,426 | Tanjung Balai |
| North Labuhan Batu Regency (Labuhan Batu Utara) |
9,323 | ## | 331,660 | |
| Labuhan Batu Regency | 9,223.18 | 951,773 | 414,417 | Rantauprapat |
| South Labuhan Batu Regency (Labuhan Batu Selatan) |
3,596 | ## | 277,549 | Kota Pinang |
- # the end 2004 estimated population of Batubara Regency is included in the figure for Asahan Regency, from which the new regency was carved out in 2007.
- * the area of Tanjung Balai city is included in the figure for Asahan Regency.
- ## the areas and end 2004 estimated populations of North Labuhan Batu Regency and South Labuhan Batu Regency are included in the figures for Labuhan Batu Regency.
Proposed new provinces
All parties in the North Sumatra legislative council have agreed to the formation of a new Tapanuli Province, a new Southeast Sumatra Province and a new Nias Island Province. This has been approved at a regional plenary session on 2 May 2011, but still needs approval from Central government which has not enacted the grand design for additional provinces.[8][9]Under the proposals, the new Tapanuli province would comprise five disadvantaged regencies in western North Sumatra with majority Christian Bataknese populations: Humbang Hasundutan, Toba Samosir, Tapanuli Utara (North Tapanuli), Tapanuli Tengah (Central Tapanuli) and Samosir - together with the municipality (city) of Sibolga.</ref>[10]
The proposed Southeast Sumatra province would comprise four disadvantaged regencies with majority Muslim Bataknese Angkola populations - Tapanuli Selatan (South Tapanuli), Mandailing Natal, Padang Lawas and Padang Lawas Utara (North Padang Lawas) - together with the municipality of Padang Sidempuan.</ref>[10]
The proposed Nias Islands province would consist of the remote Christian-majority regencies of Nias, Nias Utara (North Nias), Nias Barat (West Nias), Nias Selatan (South Nias) and the city of Gunungsitoli.</ref>[10]
The remaining regencies and cities currently within North Sumatra province would comprise the residual area, which would be renamed East Sumatra (Sumatera Timur).
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